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ASTHMA FACT SHEET: |
What outdoor allergens are asthma triggers?
Pollen and mold are common outdoor asthma triggers. Trees, grasses and weeds release pollen into the air to reproduce. Small pollen grains, from trees, grasses and weeds are light and float in the air for a long time carried by wind to fertilize other plants. Larger pollen grains, from plants with bright flowers like roses, are heavy and need insects to carry pollen to other plants. Usually, these large pollens do not trigger allergies. Tree pollen counts are highest in the early spring, grass pollens in the late spring and summer, and weed pollens in summer and fall.
Mold or mildew are fuzzy growths. Mold usually has a musty or earthy odor and can be different colors like black, blue, green, red, orange and white. Molds reproduce by releasing tiny spores, too small to see with the naked eye, that float thru the air. Outdoors, mold is found in the soil and vegetation using dead plant matter as food. Molds thrive in dark, damp areas. Mold counts are higher when the humidity is high and after rain. Outside, molds begin releasing spores in early spring and continue until late fall.
How can outdoor pollen and mold be avoided?
- Limit outdoor activities and keep windows closed when pollen and/or mold counts are high. Use air conditioners to filter air when available.
- Check daily weather reports or the American Academy of Allergy Asthma & Immunology website for Daily Pollen & Mold Counts.
- Avoid using wood mulch. Mold grows quickly in mulch. Use landscaping rocks or rubber mulch made from used tire tread.
- People with asthma who are allergic to grass pollen or mold should avoid cutting grass.
- If you must cut grass use a HEPA filter face mask respirator.
- If you are allergic to pollen or mold, do not dry clothing outside.